Muzzle smoke is obscuring the kid with the hands over his ears. Shell casings are flying. Lighting appears consistent for parallel source from above-right-behind.
My question is, why, if there is something to be defended from out there, are these people standing around watching? I think it is a clean, but staged image.
A: It's "dramatic". He could be on a shooting range for all we know.
Our eyes cannot comprehend what modern lenses produce.
If this was taken by a photographer as close as a anyone with a normal camera would be standing, then the photographer is very stupid as he is virtually in the line of fire. - a slight swing of the barrel and ---
If the photographer used an extreme telephoto lens then the crowd beside the shooter could be 20 or thirty feet away from him.
We can't believe that any photographs these days truly represent what our brains assume that they do.