I believe all Israelis have a military service obligation.
I understand they carry little mini 'torah's into battle, too. I was fascinated by that. That most go back 4000 years I would suspect. Amazing. Wonder if anyone here on FR has insight on that?
All Israeli teens go to a camp when they're 15 or 16 during the summer. It's called Gadna...(I'm not sure about the spelling). When I was 16, I did a summer tour of Israel and we spent a week at one of these camps. We had to get up at 5:00am and run with a gun. Then all other kinds of boot camp stuff. If you can imagine a bunch of JAPS (Jewish American Princesses) from New York doing this, then you'll know what it was like for me!!!!