'God' is merely a word that evolved from use in one language, and spread to others.
Such concepts as to whether the Almighty has a name that we can besmirch is a presumptive leap.
I disagree, what if God doesn't care? After all, if God doesn't talk to individual humans reveling Himself and giving them instructions from time to time it's fair to assume He is indifferent to what we do; in His name or otherwise.
Indeed, one of these cynical attitudes was that we are all equal in the eyes of the Almighty and no one rules by Divine Right. Instead, leadership should rule with consent of the governed.
No, protestants by and large also believed in the idea of Divine Right. Thats why they had Kings and Princes too. Your understanding of history is crippled by an anachronistic ideology. BTW arguing a teleological development of modern democracy also has dogmatic undertones since it would have to be dictated by nature/God.