[Restorer]

fwiw, NOBODY in the whole of the USA in the 19th century thought Blacks or AmerIndians (like me for example) were equal to white people. so your comment on that score is DUMB in the first degree.

Incorrect. This belief was rare, but it did exist, even among white people, most often among Christians who derived it from the Bible. The science of the time in general "proved" that whites were superior.

Obviously, these beliefs were a great deal more common among "people of color."

[stand watie]

can you NAME even one person who believed either Blacks and/or Indians were equal to the whites??? and i don't mean someone who SAID they believed it, while being a bigot in FACT.

free dixie,sw