The meaning is for cosmologists to discover. What it is, is that the structures, which appear to be 14 billion light years away, go all the way from one side of the sky to the other, that is, they are 28 billion light years long.
"Stretching across the entire sky" is not properly descriptive of a "hugeness" of variations - indeed, a constant microwave background could also "stretch across the entire sky". So, I'm still wondering what, exactly, the author was trying to convey with that strange wording...