In todays world, right in the US. While it is not a legal requirement or something all doctors do, you will find plenty who require the wives permission.
Google spousal permission and vasectomy and you'll find many links to stories/doctors/clinics that to this day require it.
Most don't, and there's no legal requirement for it anywhere. Since the procedure is widely available, no man will have any trouble getting it done with or without his wife's "permission". Just a few arrogant doctors exercising their freedom to be arrogant. No doubt there are a few arrogant doctors who also won't do it on single men, due to unmarried sex being against the doctors' personal religious beliefs.