[AndrewC]

You seem to have put forth an assertion that Shapiro's claim that he has observed high rates of surviving mutants in single celled organisms discounts Schwartz's claim that cells STRONGLY resist mutation. Do I have that correct?

Nope. They both claim (I believe correctly so) that cells strongly resist mutation. Shapiro (and now apparently Schwartz) claim that the mutations are in response to external stimuli and are not just accidental.

[bvw]

And what is your argument or agreement with Shapiro and Schwartz? I am unclear as to the point you were attempting to make by bringing in Shapiro's work.