The system is designed so that a lower court commits error if it does not follow the holding of superior law, and in the US, SCOTUS decisions are near or at the very top of the "superior law" pile. I doubt there was a case that literally "went against" the result of Korematsu, although there may be citations that describe why Korematsu is not applicable to the situation the lower court was facing, etc.
There may also be SCOTUS opinions that water down the original law of Korematsu. I don't know the lay of that land. In fact, I was surprized when I read Korematsu that it expressly did NOT address the constitutionality of internment.