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"To the extent that Irish found variations among the teeth, he wrote, many of those that differered most from the norm came from upper-class tombs.

That, he added, suggests these nobles had become genetically somewhat apart, perhaps through inbreeding."

Or, maybe they were different people like the ruling Samurai in Japan.

The Samurai And The Ainu

That, he added, suggests these nobles had become genetically somewhat apart, perhaps through inbreeding."

Or, maybe they were different people like the ruling Samurai in Japan.

Or, maybe they traveled more than the unwashed masses and actually brought in some new blood? Interesting to think about.

I stumbled across this article and don't know where else to put it. Am I correct in reading this to be saying that the Ainu are basically a stand-alone racial group with some mixing around the edges?

Tissue Antigens
Volume 55 Page 128 - February 2000
doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2000.550204.x
Volume 55 Issue 2

Analysis of HLA genes and haplotypes in Ainu (from Hokkaido, northern Japan) supports the premise that they descent from Upper Paleolithic populations of East Asia

Authors' affiliations:M. Bannai1, J. Ohashi2, S. Harihara3, Y. Takahashi1, T. Juji4, K. Omoto5, K. Tokunaga2 Abstract:

The Ainu people are assumed to be the descendants of pre-agricultural native populations of northern Japan, while the majority of population of present-day Japan (Hondo-Japanese) is considered to have descended mainly from post-neolithic migrants.
Sequence-level polymorphisms of the HLA-class I (HLA-A and HLA-B) genes were investigated in DNA samples of 50 Ainu living in Hidaka district, Hokkaido. HLA-A*2402, A*0201, A*0206, A*2601, A*3101, B*1501, B*5101, B*3901, and B*3501 were observed at frequencies of more than 10% and most of these have previously been found in populations of not only Asians but also North and South American Indians.
A*68012, which has not so far been detected in Hondo-Japanese, was found in the Ainu (3%). On the other hand, several alleles common in Hondo-Japanese, including HLA-A*3303, A*1101, B*4403, B*5201, B*5401, B*4601, and B*0702 were infrequent in Ainu (0–1%).
Correspondence and neighbor-joining analyses of various populations based on HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 gene frequencies enabled distinction between Asian, Native South American, European, and African populations.
The Ainu, as well as Tlingit (Na-Dene), were placed midway between other East Asians, including Hondo Japanese, and Native South Americans (Amerindians) in the correspondence analysis.

Furthermore, several HLA-A-B and HLA-B-DR-DQ haplotypes common in the Ainu, are shared with some Native American populations. These observations strongly suggest a unique place for the Ainu as descendants of some Upper Paleolithic populations of East Asia, from whom some Native Americans may have descended.