One fake from 1912.
... Nebraska Man...
One innocent misinterpretation from 1922 and caught almost at once.
... Ramapithecus...
Real species, no longer considered in the human lineage but still thought ancestral to orangutans.
... and Australopithecus.
Still the likeliest candidate of its time to carry the human lineage. Intergrades with chimp-like creatures (Sahelanthropus, for example) at the old end and the hominids at the young end of its fossil range.
...recognized as hoaxes or mistakes.
Is your post a hoax or a mistake?
Now you're being cruel. Are you picking on me because I don't want to claim a chimp as a relative?
"Genus Homo" was meant. Of course, Australopithecus IS a hominid.
"One innocent misinterpretation from 1922 and caught almost at once."
The mistake of Nebraska Man was "caught" in 1927. It was a single tooth from a peccary (extinct pig).
They made an interesting use of it. They showed it at the Scopes "Monkey" trial in 1925 as irrefutable evidence of the animal ancestry of man. Since William Jennings Bryan was himself from the state of Nebraska, Osborn chided him about Nebraska man in the press:
"The earth spoke to Bryan from his own state of Nebraska. The Hesperopithecus tooth is like the still, small voice. It's sound is by no means easy to hear ----. This little tooth speaks volumes of truth, in that it affords evidence of mans descent from the ape".