Ask the Editors
Elesha Coffman
Posted October 26, 2001
What is the origin of the Christian fish symbol?
—Conrad
The Greek word for fish is "ichthys." As early as the first century, Christians made an acrostic from this word: Iesous Christos Theou Yios Soter, i.e. Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior. The fish has plenty of other theological overtones as well, for Christ fed the 5,000 with 2 fishes and 5 loaves (a meal recapitulated in Christian love-feasts) and called his disciples "fishers of men." Water baptism, practiced by immersion in the early church, created a parallel between fish and converts. Second-century theologian Tertullian put it this way: "we, little fishes, after the image of our Ichthys, Jesus Christ, are born in the water."
Greeks, Romans, and many other pagans used the fish symbol before Christians. Hence the fish, unlike, say, the cross, attracted little suspicion, making it a perfect secret symbol for persecuted believers. When threatened by Romans in the first centuries after Christ, Christians used the fish mark meeting places and tombs, or to distinguish friends from foes. According to one ancient story, when a Christian met a stranger in the road, the Christian sometimes drew one arc of the simple fish outline in the dirt. If the stranger drew the other arc, both believers knew they were in good company. Current bumper-sticker and business-card uses of the fish hearken back to this practice.
Critics of the fish symbol either decry it as tacky tokenism or point out that the fish still carries baggage from the days when pagans used it to represent fertility or, more specifically, the female reproductive organs. Though I agree that ichthys symbols in phone-book ads seem to commercialize faith, I don't find the pagan argument compelling. No symbol means the same thing to all people at all times. That early Christians succeeded in transforming an already powerful symbol proves their interpretive creativity, not their ignorance or a tendency to syncretism.
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Copyright © 2001 by the author or Christianity Today International/Christian History magazine.
http://www.christianitytoday.com/history/features/ask/2001/oct26.html
Interesting that "The God, Jesus Christ" was cited as the dedication of the church. A very clear Trinitarian dedication.
Isn't it strange that the symbols of the zodiac seems to accompany the dominant religions of the times? The christian age 0-2000 A.D. is connected to pisces, the jewish people sacrified goats (aries) thousands of years ago, the culture in greece was a bull-cult (taurus) at the time the jews fled egypt. In a book by Graham Hancock (dubious fellow, I know) he outlined a theory where the Sfinx in Giza actually was a lion from the beginning, and that the human head was made later. Based on measurements of the grade of erosion on the Sfinx he calulated the statue to have been built in the age of Leo, so that every summer solstice in the age of Leo the Sfinxs' head pointed directly towards the star constellation Leo. I saw a program once about the jewish escape from Egypt, where the makers put out the theory that the cloud in the sky the jews used for direction day and night in fact could have been a pillar of smoke and lava from the volcano eruption that destroyed so many islands in the mediteranian (Santorini etc). The eruption could also explane the parting of the sea as told in the Bible. The bull cult in the mediteranian was wiped out by this event. Maybe a religion has to comply to the zodiac to be succesfull? But I don't know what it means that we now are in the age of aquarius.