CO2 hydrates to Carbonic Acid, H2CO3. This is the key to the stalactite-forming process in caves. CO2 dissolved in water percolates through limestone, CaCO3, dissolving it. When CO2 is lost upon evaporation or diffusion into the air because of k, the CaCO3 precipitates out.
The role of the carbonate ion is also linked to the formation rate of kidney stones. The body is very effective at PCO2 regulation, as a person can "blow off" CO2 when needed.Metabolic defects such as occur in Renal Tubular Acidosis were at one time (1970's) treated with bicarbonates. Now, citrates are used because RTA is one result of a genetic citrate metabolic defect- And the citrate is a very effective chelating agent for Group IIA metals.
Still, I HATE agreeing with enviro stuff!! :-)
Excellent explanation, and thanks!