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Thank you so much for your excellent, informative post!!!

I think it's very interesting that the "father of science," Aristotle, named the three greatest sciences as physics, mathematics -- and theology (a word that was coined by his great teacher, Plato). And of the three sciences, theology was preeminent, the greatest of them all. Because it dealt with the highest things in existent nature.

Many people today just want to say that metaphysics and theology deal with "the supernatural." For Aristotle, they deal with the natural world itself -- that part of nature that cannot be reduced to "telescopes and microscopes."

Exactly! That is the problem among the biology-related disciplines. The good news is that the more the mathematicians and physicists engage in biology questions - the further they will push the boundary away from "microscope to telescope".

Even so, the deepest questions remain - the theological questions. As you say, the questions Leibniz asked "Why is there something, and not nothing? And why are things the way they are, and not some other way?"

God has revealed Himself in Jesus Christ, in the indwelling Spirit, in Scripture and in Nature. Even primitives will be held to account if they fail to notice His revelation in nature (Romans 1:20).