Toyota is a gigantic company with many interests ranging from mining to space. A few years ago they certified an aero-engine (which was then never produced) and they had Scaled Composites build a proof of concept aircraft which was tested under great secrecy for about two years. They never said "boo" about it in public, but just cause it says "Toyota" don't assume it's destined for the next Camry.
A theoretical/molecular approach to alloys development is not new. I believe the lithium alloy that Airbus is using for the "forehead" or upper nose of the freight version of the A380 was developed this way. Of course lithium is not entirely new; some marks of F-15 have lithium alloy wing skins (lighter than anything that's a solid metal at ordinary temperatures). That alloy was developed traditionally.
d.o.l.
Criminal Number 18F
Yes -- and Honda looks like it will actually go into the small jet market: http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/1467663/posts