"The standard 40 grain bullet is now advertised to have a muzzle velocity of 1,910 fps in a 22" rifle barrel and carries 324 ft. lbs. of energy. From the 6.5" barrel of a revolver the velocity is 1400 fps with an energy of 174 ft. lbs"
45 ACP out of a six inch barrel has about 495 ft/lbs of energy.
Comparing both in a handgun, the 45 has almost three times the muzzle energy.
I once read a test of .45 ammo out of a Thompson carbine and it was only slightly more powerful than from a pistol.