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You're talking about lawsuits, legal controversies and issues about how to apply the law. I don't see anywhere in said phrase you cite a mention the courts get to override Congress. In the Constitution, to the contrary, it is Congress alone that creates inferior courts, appropriates money to run them, and determines their jurisdiction and the sort of cases they hear.

(Denny Crane: "Sometimes you can only look for answers from God and failing that... and Fox News".)

"You're talking about lawsuits, legal controversies and issues about how to apply the law. I don't see anywhere in said phrase you cite a mention the courts get to override Congress.

Oh? I don't see any of your enumerations listed in the Constitution. The Constitution says, "all cases in law and equity arising under this Consttution." All is used w/o exception. Also, it refers to the SCOTUS explicitly.

"In the Constitution, to the contrary, it is Congress alone that creates inferior courts, appropriates money to run them, and determines their jurisdiction and the sort of cases they hear. "

The SCOTUS is created explicitly and the powers are for, "all cases in law and equity arising under this COnstitution."