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7.62X54R, good round. Gave the Nazi's a lot to think about. Pretty much a 30-06.

I prefer the .308. Got 800 rounds of FMJ stockpiled (friend bought it at a gun show for a rifle he later sold, so he gave it to me) plus my reloads. Makes a good deer gun, and ammo is easy to find.

7.62X54R, good round. Gave the Nazi's a lot to think about. Pretty much a 30-06.

Yes. USG manual for my Moisin-Nagant T44 stated that the two rounds competed for both USG and Imperial Russian Govt. contracts at the turn of the century. For various reasons, USG chose one, and the Russians chose the other.

Ballistics very similar, tiny bit more oomph in the American round, and .308 slightly milder than either for the most part. All three have an edge over .303 and the German 7mm and 8mm calibers, and are about 30-40% more energetic downrange (at 200-300yd) than the venerable .300 Savage hunting round. (Savage Arms still offers one commemorative rifle in this caliber.)

Some of the hotter .308/7.62x51 rounds are peers of the .30-06 by the same criterion, and all of them make the "high-powered assault rifles" in 7.62x39 look sick by comparison, a point that seems to be perpetually lost on the Million Dense Moms, Charlie Schumer, and people like that.