"one more thought before I abandon the thread - what if the driver was elderly, had an implanted pacemaker, and physcially could not exit the vehicle or communicate that refusal effectively?"
Then maybe the old geezer was in no physical condition to be driving the vehicle, and should have been taken into custody posthaste.
perhaps - but what about the 99 other oldsters in the same boat who get zapped like a whopper with cheese and go toes up, quickly assuming room temp ?
stop being so obstinate