It was Columbus. He was attempting to find a sea route to India [or China] that wouldn't have to overland through the Middle East. He was partly successful and others were entirely successful, and that was the economic end of bedouin power.
That is corect - my point was Christianity was losing until Chris came along. The long lived Eastern Roman Empire fell after 1,000 years as the only true super power and rival to Islam. Russia had the Mongol problem. Yes Spain defeated the Moors and was the only place Christians ever took back from Islam (partky due to the decline in ethnic Arab power not Islam) for good till then but without the discovery of the Americas the Turks would have taken Austria and Spain in time.