I grant all your points (regarding superiority of Iowas over Yamatos); minor quibbles over relative technical minutia don't change the vulnerability of tube-based naval firepower, compared to the standoff capability of a carrier.
Okay, one more time. A carrier is merely a transport for aircraft, which it expends like ammunition.It has virtually no defensive and certain no offensive firepower of it's own.
A Carrier with a fouled deck, broken catapults or without planes, or even a carrier with planes but without aviation fuel or ordinance, is little more than an expensive ferry. I spent 8 years on three carriers and while I have great appreciation for Naval Aviation, it's not the ultimate weapon. Carriers, even in today's world, can be caught short. Just ask the guys on the Kitty Hawk about six years ago when they got buzzed by the Russians, and they didn't have a plane in the air. Airplanes do break and do require regular maintence. They do not fly 24/7/365.
It's a great weapons SYSTEM, but not a weapon in and of itself.
The stand off capability of the carrier have been somewhat neutralized by the fast attack nuclear sub plus the capability of fleets to launch mass amounts of cruise missiles.