Substitute 'Dalit' with 'poor', and a more accurate description emerges. Are you trying to say that the Dalits in India are officially discriminated against? If you do, you need to learn more about India's affirmative action programme, the largest of its kind on the planet. Casteism is a social problem, not a problem due to governance.
About thirty or so years ago, African Americans didn't have as many freedoms as they do now. As the economy grows, things change.
Take a look at India's political setup now. Most people in power are these very Dalits and other minorities. Democracy does wonders, you see.