"My Jewish relatives tell me they are a race"
No they are NOT. They are an ethnicity and/or a religion. (I know that doesn't sound grammatically correct, but it's the middle of the night and I can't think of the correct way to say it.)
Just like Hispanic is NOT a race; it is also an ethnicity.
There are only FOUR races:
Caucasian (yes, Jews/Israelites are caucasian)
Negroid (black american is also NOT a race)
Mongoloid (Asian)
American Indian
The Ainu and the Australian Aborigines are Caucasoids;as are Semites...for example.