"...In Judaism, they have had these for thousands of years. It's called a Ketubah...."
Yes, but that is religious in nature and will not fix the civil rights of the parties. My understanding is that a civil contract is still required because the court will not compel performance of a religious contract---violation of the First Amendment. Moreover, the civil contract should stipulate the grant of the "Get" to preclude the "agunah" problem. The court will compel compliance with a civil contract even if it relates to a religious observance.
Goddess (Conservative Christian, Law Student studying Mishpat Ivri)
In Israel, it did/does.