[jb6]

The Ukraine is the lands of the former Khazaria is it not? Small wonder it's the ground zero of Jewish issues in that part of the world. Someone here the other day said western Ukraine was ethnic Polish and that eastern was Russian.

Kiev was one of the western most areas of the Khazars. Their actual empire was centered around Stavrapol Oblast and stretched into northern Caucusis and I believe to Volgagrad.

[wardaddy]

I confess to having read the 13th Tribe many years ago. There are Khazarian descended Jews who are quite proud of it (they have web sites) and Israel has spent a good deal of public money on the research. It is a given that the mass nobility and what would have passed for bourgeoisie converted to Judaism but the debate is over how many of the lower sectors of the vast Khazarian empire did.

A fascinating study for me.

And yes....I know Koestler was a bit odd. My hunch is that the Khazars bumped the Ashkhenazim populace markedly...but that is only a hunch.

[rmlew]

Kiev was one of the western most areas of the Khazars. Their actual empire was centered around Stavrapol Oblast and stretched into northern Caucusis and I believe to Volgagrad.
Sambata-Ki'yev was the western most trading center.

Map of the Khazar Empire in the early 10th century.

For a more complete set of maps, go to maps section.

[rmlew]

Kiev was one of the western most areas of the Khazars. Their actual empire was centered around Stavrapol Oblast and stretched into northern Caucusis and I believe to Volgagrad.
Sambata-Ki'yev was the western most trading center.

Map of the Khazar Empire in the early 10th century.

For a more complete set of maps, go to maps section.