If you want to do more research into it, the correct term is "graphical interface."
The Xerox guys actually got the idea, if I remember correctly, from an academic who conceived of it in the 1960s.
Probably a tragedy for Xerox, but back then nobody knew what the market for computers would be. There were actually more photocopy machines than computers in a typical office. IBM was pulled kicking and screaming into the PC market. Jobs et al were blitzed out of their minds in California and either scared or were dismissed out of hand by the corporate types.
...and remember, when all this was going on, the internet was still a top secret government project.