[Right Wing Professor]

It is impossible for any system to operate in such a way that the sole result would be an energy transfer by heat from a cooler to a hotter body. This statement would seem to preclude refrigerators and heat pumps.

Only if you think 'sole' means a kind of flatfish.

A thermodynamic mechanism, which utilizes outside energy, must cause this effect. The thermodynamic mechanism has to constrain the process over the cycle. The supposed Darwinian mechanism lacks the required precision.

'Thermodynamic mechanism' is akin to 'Clintonian honesty'. Until you get this point, guy, there is no point in arguing with you. Entropy is a state function. It depends on the final state, and the initial state, and nothing else on God's green earth.

[nasamn777]

'Thermodynamic mechanism' is akin to 'Clintonian honesty'. Until you get this point, guy, there is no point in arguing with you. Entropy is a state function. It depends on the final state, and the initial state, and nothing else on God's green earth.

And please tell how your refrigerator would cool with only energy and NOT the thermodynamic mechanism? Certainly, you need some boundary conditions? What are you classical types to do -- meditate on some end state? Hmmm Hmmm I can see it now! Is this meditation going to move your uncontrolled blob of working fluid away from equilibrium?

And who has Clintonian honesty?