[Smartaleck]

"they might be undocumented aliens, but OTHERWISE lawful citizens. "

Otherwise.......key word in the reading process. Try again.

[Colorado Buckeye]

"they might be undocumented aliens, but OTHERWISE lawful citizens. "

Otherwise.......key word in the reading process. Try again

You are either an alien or a citizen, there is no other alternative, and you can't be both. You can't be an alien and "otherwise" a citizen. And, none of this changes if you put modifiers before the nouns.