Commanders of the attack were Luttif Afif ("Issa"), a Palestinian militant born in Nazareth. Issa's mother, ironically, was Jewish; his father was a wealthy Christian Arab businessman, and he had three other brothers, all of whom were in Black September and two of whom were in Israeli jails. And "Tony" (Yasuf Nazzal), a committed fedayeen. Foot soldies all came from refugee camps in Lebanon, Syria, and especially Jordan, and all came from poor families. Most of them, were motivated by a determination to see members of their families released from Israeli jails. The remaining six were selected for the operation: Afif Abmed Hamid, Khalid Jawad, Ahmed Chic Thaa, nineteen-year-old Mohammed Safady, Adnan AI-Gashey (twenty-seven years old), and his nineteen-year old nephew Jamal Al-Gashey. The Munich massacre was orchestrated by two terrorists who answered directly to Yasser Arafat. Ali Hassan Salameh and Abu Daoud.
