FReeper Canteen ~ Part VII of War in Ancient India ~ August 24, 2004

a Tribute to Hinduism ^ | August 24, 2004 | LaDivaLoca

[LaDivaLoca]

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ANCIENT WARFARE





Part VII: War in Ancient India

Martial Arts - Fighting without weapons

"Fighting without weapons was a specialty of the Ksatreya (caste of Ancient India)and foot soldier alike. For the Ksatreya it was simply part and parcel of their all around training, but for the lowly peasant it was essential. We read in the Vedas of men unable to afford armor who bound their heads with turbans called Usnisa to protect themselves from sword and axe blows.

"Fighting on foot for a Ksatreya was necessary in case he was unseated from his chariot or horse and found himself without weapons. Although the high ethical code of the Ksatreya forbid anyone but another Ksatreya from attacking him, doubtless such morals were not always observed, and when faced with an unscrupulous opponent, the Ksatreya needed to be able to defend himself, and developed, therefore, a very effective form of hand-to-hand combat that combined techniques of wrestling, throws, and hand strikes. Tactics and evasion were formulated that were later passed on to successive generations. This skill was called Vajramukhti, a name meaning "thunderbolt closed - or clasped - hands." The tile Vajramukti referred to the usage of the hands in a manner as powerful as the vajra maces of traditional warfare. Vajramukti was practiced in peacetime by means of regular physical training sessions and these utilized sequences of attack and defense technically termed in Sanskrit nata."  

Kalaripayattu, literally “the way of the battlefield,” still survives in Kerala, where it is often dedicated to Mahakali. The Kalari grounds are usually situated near a temple, and the pupils, after having touched the feet of the master, salute the ancestors and bow down to the Goddess, begin the lesson. Kalari trainings have been codified for over 3000 years and nothing much has changed. 

The warming up is essential and demands great suppleness. Each movement is repeated several times, facing north, east, south and west, till perfect loosening is achieved. The young pupils pass on to the handling of weapons, starting with the “Silambam”, a short stick  made of extremely hard wood, which in the olden times could effectively deal with swords. The blows are hard and the parade must be fast and precise, to avoid being hit on the fingers! They continue with the swords, heavy, and dangerous, even though they are not sharpened any more, as they are used. Without guard or any kind of body protection; they whirl, jump and parry, in an impressive ballet. Young, fearless girls fight with enormous knives, bigger than their arms and the clash of irons is echoed in the ground. The session ends with the big canes, favorite weapons of the Buddhist traveler monks, which they used during their long journey towards China to scare away attackers.   

The “Urimi” is the most extraordinary weapon of Kalari, unique in the world. This double-edged flexible sword which the old-time masters used to wrap around the waist to keep coiled in one hand, to suddenly whip at the opponent and inflict mortal blows, is hardly used today in trainings, for it is much too dangerous.

This indigenous martial arts, under the name of Kalari or Kalaripayit exists only in South India today. Kalarippayat is said to be the world's original martial art. Originating at least 1,300 years ago, India's Kalaripayit is the oldest martial art taught today. It is also the most potentially violent, because students advance from unarmed combat to the use of swords, sharpened flexible metal lashes, and peculiar three-bladed daggers. More than 2,000 years old, it was developed by warriors of the Cheras kingdom in Kerala. Training followed strict rituals and guidelines. The entrance to the 14 m-by-7 m arena, or kalari, faced east and had a bare earth floor. Fighters took Shiva and Shakti, the god and goddess of power, as their deities. From unarmed kicks and punches, kalarippayat warriors would graduate to sticks, swords, spears and daggers and study the marmas—the 107 vital spots on the human body where a blow can kill. Training was conducted in secret, the lethal warriors unleashed as a surprise weapon against the enemies of Cheras.

Father and founder of Zen Buddhism (called C’han in China), Boddidharma, a Brahmin born in Kacheepuram in Tamil Nadu, in 522 A.D. arrived at the courts of the Chinese Emperor Liang Nuti, of the 6th dynasty. He taught the Chinese monks Kalaripayattu, a very ancient Indian martial art, so that they could defend themselves against the frequent attacks of bandits. In time, the monks became famous all over China as experts in bare-handed fighting, later known as the Shaolin boxing art. The Shaolin temple which has been handed back a few years ago by the communist Government to the C’han Buddhist monks, inheritors of Boddhidharma’s spiritual and martial teachings, by the present Chinese Government, is now open to visitors. On one of the walls, a fresco can be seen, showing Indian dark-skinned monks, teaching their lighter-skinned Chinese brothers the art of bare-handed fighting. On this painting are inscribed: “Tenjiku Naranokaku” which means: “the fighting techniques to train the body (which come) from India…”

Kalari payatt was banned by the British in 1793.  (Refer to chapter on European Imperialism).

(For more information on martial arts refer to chapter India and China and Kalarippayattu and Kalari Payatte - The martial art of Kerala

(source: The Boddhisattva Warriors: The Origin, Inner Philosophy, History and Symbolism of the Buddhist Martial Art Within India and China - By Terence Dukes/ Shifu Nagaboshi Tomio  p. 3 - 158-174 and 242. A Western Journalist on India: a ferengi's columns - By Francois Gautier Har-Anand Publications January 2001  ISBN 8124107955 p. 155-158).

Silambam – Indian Stick Fighting

     

The art Nillaikalakki Silambam was brought to the royal court during the reign of the Cheran, Cholan and Pandian emperors, once powerful rulers of India.  

The art Nillaikalakki Silambam, which exists for more than five thousand years, is an authentic art which starts with the stick called Silambamboo (1.68 meters long). It originates from the Krunji mountains of south India, and is as old as the Indian sub-continent itself.

The natives called Narikuravar were using a staff called Silambamboo as a weapon to defend themselves against wild animals, and also to display their skill during their religious festivals. The Hindu scholars and yogis who went to the Krunji mountains to meditate got attracted by the display of this highly skilled spinning Silambamboo. The art Nillaikalakki Silambam therefore became a part of the Hindu scholars and yogis training, as they were taught by the Narikuravar. 

They brought the art to the royal court during the reign of the Cheran, Cholan and Pandian emperors, once powerful rulers of India.

(source: Silamban – Indian Stick Fighting).

Next Tuesday, Part VIII of War in Ancient India

[The Mayor]

August 24, 2004

Lonely, But Not Alone

Read: John 16:25-33

You will be scattered, each to his own, and will leave Me alone. And yet I am not alone, because the Father is with Me. —John 16:32

Bible In One Year: Psalms 116-118; 1 Corinthians 7:1-19

---

Her brief note to me spoke volumes. "I am a handicapped person in a wheelchair," she wrote. "I am very lonely even though I know I'm never alone. God is always there. I don't have a lot of people to talk to."

Loneliness has been termed the most desolate word in the English language. It is no respecter of age, race, economic status, or intelligence. Albert Einstein said, "It is strange to be known so universally, and yet to be so lonely."

God made us for intimacy and companionship with others. Even before sin entered the world, He declared that it is not good for man to be alone (Genesis 2:18). That's why many people often feel so empty inside.

Jesus knew loneliness too. He surely must have felt it when His disciples deserted Him (Mark 14:50). The Father's presence more than compensated for this, however. He said, "I am not alone, because the Father is with Me" (John 16:32). That intimacy with the Lord is available to all who put their trust in Him and His Word (14:16-23).

We can lessen our feelings of loneliness by reaching out to others. But even more important, we must reach out to the Lord. He is always with us, and He wants us to fellowship with Him throughout the day. —Dennis De Haan

When we are feeling all alone
And no one seems to care,
We must remember: Jesus said
That He is always there. —Sper

Those who know Jesus are never alone.

[Spotsy]

Thank you for the intro, LaDiva!

I can move like that. No problem. LOL!

[Darksheare]

First thing that came to mind when I saw that pic:
BRAAAaaaains!

[Spotsy]

Good Morning US Vet!
Do you have a little putting green in your office? :)

[Spotsy]

Good Morning Tomkow!
Madonna is gross. ;)

[Spotsy]

BRAAAaaaains!

As in, JK: "if I only had one?" LOL!

How is your cat, Darksheare?

[USVet6792Retired]

I wish, all I have in this office are cubevillians and elves of every sort.

[Old Sarge]

Greetings, Canteeners, Troops,
and All the Ships at Sea!

And like USVet said, it's gonna be a wet one in the Bluegrass today!

Sarge is back in the cubes this morning, after an evening of a sad duty; attending the viewing for the father of one of his soldiers. A good part of the unit showed up, to show support for our bereaved sister-under-arms, who by the time we got there, had the 1,000-yard-stare big time.

The deceased was well-known on the local NASCAR circuit, and was very popular, as judged by the immense crowd of people there. And everyone whom we talked to, said almost the same thing: that they never thought that the young woman would EVER do anything like join the Army, and the change it's wrought in her has been noticable. A bit of good cheer among the sadness.

Anyway, we've got not much else going on today, so let's have a few Personals:

USVET;KJ: Came into work this AM with a thunderstorm chasing me; I hope that's not how the rest of the day goes...

TONKIN: Thanks once again, for the Canteen lights being on for another day!

GALZ: Sorry about my abrupt departure yesterday, but duty did call, after all...

TO MY BRETHREN UNDER ARMS: You've got a big support base, here in the Canteen, and I've have you reminded of that as you go about your duty day!

Sarge will be in the area all day, so Let's Have Fun!

SARGE

[Old Sarge]

Elves?!? Y'all gots elves?

Need a linguist, Top?

[E.G.C.]

Good morning, Old Sarge. How's it going?

[Darksheare]

LOL!

Kearen isn't talking to me.
We dosed her with her meds this morning, and she's really upset with me.
But she's at least acting somewhat more energetic than she has been.

[Spotsy]

Good Tuesday Morning Canteen!
Hello Troops at home and abroad!
Salute to our Veterans!
Greetings to your fabulous Families!
Warm Regards to our Allies!

Thank You for your Service and Sacrifice

FREEDOM
is the key to
PEACE and SECURITY

[Spotsy]

Good Morning Sarge.
Condolences to your sister-under-arms.

[Spotsy]

Good Morning E.G.C.
Today promises more "perfect" weather for me.
How is it in your corner?

[Spotsy]

Time to get busy . . .

[Old Sarge]

Morning, EG.

Not much going on...

[USVet6792Retired]

Nah, I speak elvish

[Old Sarge]

{{{{{ SPOTSY! }}}}}

Happy to see you - it's a gray day for a funeral.

[E.G.C.]

Tempertures in the 90's and sunny. Storms possible towards the weekend.

[Spotsy]

:)