Re your point about replacing medals for those who threw them away, I doubt if Kerry would have given that as an explanation. Also, if he was a Senator or Lt. Governor at the time, I think the Navy would accommodate him just for PR and Congressional support.
Depends on who you are, politics, I suppose.
If an ordinary person who worked for the government did something like that, or any number of other things, and if they were found out, they wouldn't fare too well career-wise.
For starters, you would be sent to counselling and your security clearance would be in jeopardy.