I am speaking here for Texas, which much of the Federal bill was modeled after. There are benchmark grades that the child must pass the test in order to proceed to the next grade. Third and fifth grade in elementary, I believe the 8th, and then they can start taking the high school exam in the 10th grade and have to pass it by the time they graduate. Testing is done at the other grade levels, but it is for diagnostic purposes, identifying needs, not for promotion to the next grade.