Why would eating mostly protein cause one to lose weight which it apparently does ecause I have seen many people with fabulous results.
It just doesn't make sense to me, I tend to think it is because you are so limited in what you can eat that you are inclined to lose weight.
You're not really limited at all... the hardest part is the first two weeks. This is the detox crash session. After that, you progressively add back foods like extra vegetables, fruits, nuts and whole grains. The maintenance phase has something from every food group. The only big no-no forever is refined sugar in any form, foods that aggravate individual intolerances (grains, nuts, etc.) and partially hydrogenated fat. This plan is certainly tailored to the individual.
Concerning the science behind it, you can go to http://atkins.com and read all of the information there. There's quite a bit.