Well, I have heard of the term "sermon" used in Orthodox congregations, referring to a Rabbi's speech given on the high Holy Days or on the Sabbath.
"Pulpit" is a word I don't recall hearing in any Jewish context.
A pulpit would be a “bimah”.
A Sermon would be a “ne’um”.
These terms are so common that we do not even know their origins are derived from the Church. It’s OK though...