Murray is wrong. It is not “race” it is culture, and the culture that produces so much crime is not embraced or supported all “blacks”. It is not “race” but culture - the culture of out-of-wedlock births and single-parent unmarried female-head-of-household from which both crime and low education achievements arise. AND that culture is not a culture embraced by all “blacks”.
The great Conservative economist, Thomas Sowell, studied education achievement in the segregated schools of Washington D.C. in the 1950s. The 1950s was also a time before the “great leap” in out-of-wedlock births and unmarried single-parent female-head-of-household situations. His study was to pose a question as to whether or not “integrated” schools were a prerequisite for “black” academic achievement. What Sowell found was that in the 1950s, in the segregated schools in Washington D.C., “blacks” had academic achievement levels above the national average.
What changed from the 1950s is not about “race”. It was about culture.
Chicago had the same change from the 1950s to the 1960s. In the 1950s Chicago had a thriving middle class “black” community, with solid families, two-parent households on average, fathers and mothers in every profession, and a strong local business community. Then in the 1960s came the single-male poorly educated young “black” men pouring into northern cities looking for work and not always finding it.
THEN you got the ghettos and a lot of the solid middle class “blacks” moved out.
It is not “race”. It is culture. It comes not from your genes but from how you are raised, what you are taught, and what your upbringing gives, or fails to give, to your character.
The most damning of Murray’s stats that contradict your position is that of many studies of identical twins, raised by totally different families.
No difference in cognitive ability.