Of course it does, particularly as most other languages aside from english still use masculine/feminine objects, think of how this creates interesting paradigms in how one describes anything? A building or bridge or even an animal, will be subject to adjectives that we associate with one gender or the other. But even language structure and syntax will have an effect on how we perceive, whether its fact based or contextual.
In Vietnamese, at least, there is no gender. If gender is required it must be added.
And verbs, and adjectives.
None of them ever sent men to the moon, and most of them never had a functioning economy, or a functioning society.