Every President from Washington to Wilson was right about tariffs.
The Sixteenth Amendment was very short and to the point, but it overcame the prohibition imposed on the Federal government, that it could not tax the US residents directly. Always before, the levy of the Federal government had to be proportioned in direct ratio to the number of citizens each state represented.
The application of the Internal Revenue Service to the collection of income taxes was the first major effort to reduce the dependence of the Federal Government on tariffs as a source of revenue. As the individual and corporate income taxes came to provide a greater and greater revenue to the Federal government, the value of tariffs diminished sharply, and in some instances were not there to raise revenue, but to control commerce with wanted trading powers, and to punish miscreants on the international scene.