And what caused that? I'll tell you what caused that. Back in 1963, the Republicans were frustrated that so many blacks didn't vote because so few of them owned land and paid taxes. Republicans theorized that if they did away with the tax requirement, they would reap a windfall of 10 million new voters for their party. (Because in those days, Blacks voted overwhelmingly Republican.) It was effectively a power grab.
They pushed the 24th amendment, which did away with poll taxes *AND ALL OTHER FORMS OF TAXES* and got it passed through the states.
Lyndon Johnson, Racist Southern Democrat realized what the sort of stunt they were trying to pull, and immediately proposed his "Great Society" Programs, which were asserted to be a "War on Poverty", but were really in effect, a MASSIVE VOTE BUYING SCHEME.
His scheme was very successful at flipping all of those newly created black voters from Republican to Democrat. In about 10 years, they had all switched to voting straight Democrat.
But the horrible disaster lurking at the center of his vote buying scheme is the payment of bribe money to this new constituency in the form of government aid and handouts.
Young women immediately realized that if they got pregnant, the government would give them money and housing. They didn't have to have a husband to take care of them, Daddy Government would take care of them.
This created *MILLIONS* of fatherless young men who had no strong male figure steering them in the direction they needed to go. They grew up Feral. They turned violent and criminal. This is what broken families create. They create feral children.
If you will notice, the incarceration rate spiked about 14 years later. (from 1964, when all this started) That is about the time all these young fatherless boys grew up enough to becoming juvenile delinquents.
The violent criminal black underclass was almost wholly created by Lyndon Johnsons' vote buying scheme. To date, we've spent 21 trillion dollars on the "War on Poverty", and it is now worse than ever.
*THAT* is why we have a "violent urban black culture problem"