I'm confused too. What does "shall not be infringed" mean? I thought the courts had to presume every phrase in the Constitution has meaning.
I recently learned a different interpretation of the second amendment. The second part, the right of the people to keep and bear arms is BECAUSE a well regulated militia is necessary. The founding fathers generally were not too keen on establishing an army. The second part is protection from abuse of the first part.
Another fact; the Supreme Court ruled that severe restrictions on “sawed off” shotguns were constitutional because they weren’t militia weapons. Now they want to prohibit black sporting rifles because they look too much like military weapons!