More specifically, when the slaves were freed and the 14th Amendment was made, lawmakers seemingly agreed that the Constitution's privileges and immunites protected only citizens, the freedmen therefore made citizens. In fact, have a look at the wording of both Sec. 1 of 14A and also an excerpt from the opinion of a Supreme Court case which clarified Sec. 1.
From 14A, Section 1: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States [emphasis added]; ..."
“3. The right of suffrage was not necessarily one of the privileges or immunities of citizenship [emphasis added] before the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment, and that amendment does not add to these privileges and immunities. It simply furnishes additional guaranty for the protection of such as the citizen already had.” —Minor v. Happersett, 1874.
Based on the wording of the excerpts above, immigrants don't necessarily automatically have 2A protected rights imo.
On the other hand, the Supreme Court has officially clarified that the right to protect oneself with firearms is a natural right, 2A or no 2A.
"The second and tenth counts are equally defective. The right there specified is that of "bearing arms for a lawful purpose." This is not a right granted by the Constitution. Neither is it in any manner dependent upon that instrument for its existence [emphasis added]. The second amendment declares that it shall not be infringed, but this, as has been seen, means no more than that it shall not be infringed by Congress. This is one of the amendments that has no other effect than to restrict the powers of the national government, leaving the people to look for their protection against any violation by their fellow citizens of the rights it recognizes, to what is called, in The City of New York v. Miln, 11 Pet. 139, the "powers which relate to merely municipal legislation, or what was, perhaps, more properly called internal police," "not surrendered or restrained" by the Constitution of the United States." —United States v. Cruikshank, 1875.
So there is the paradox that immigrants have the natural right to protect themselves with firearms even though such rights are not protected by 2A which evidently protects only citizens.
Insights welcome.
The court decisions that I recall say that legal immigrants have the same rights as citizens to due process of law.
Unfortunately, the court has gutted the “privileges and immunities clause of the 14th amendment, and incorporated most of the bill of rights under the due process clause.