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Romans 15:4-13 (ESV)

Whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. May the God of endurance and encouragement grant you to live in such harmony with one another, in accord with Christ Jesus, that together you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. Therefore welcome one another as Christ has welcomed you, for the glory of God.

For I tell you that Christ became a servant to the circumcised to show God’s truthfulness, in order to confirm the promises given to the patriarchs, and in order that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy. As it is written,

“Therefore I will praise you among the Gentiles,
and sing to your name.”

And again it is said,

“Rejoice, O Gentiles, with his people.”

And again,

“Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles,
and let all the peoples extol him.”

And again Isaiah says,

“The root of Jesse will come,
even he who arises to rule the Gentiles;
in him will the Gentiles hope.”

May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, so that by the power of the Holy Spirit you may abound in hope.

"Everyone in the world who is not a Jew, that is, everyone who is not descended physically from the Old Testament patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob--everyone else is a Gentile. It has to do with your physical descent, with your ethnic identity. "

I see error in this statement. It supposes that the 10 sons of Abraham that were not Jewish were no longer sons of their Patriarch Abraham. The origination of the Jews was the seperation of the sons of Jacob after Solomin's stupidity (they called him wise) in taking foreign idol-worshipping wives.

The tribes became the Southern tribes; Judah/Benjamin...the Jews and The Northern 10 tribes; Ephraim or the house of Joseph. These were the ones who were scattered into the world, those that Jeremiah said would be searched for someday as fishes. Those that Jesus sent his disciples after saying they would be "fishers" of men. (Jeremiah 16) Those scattered into the world were "Israel" because they were still sons of Jacob..... these are the "Gentiles" A specific group of people with specific heritage in Abraham. Hence the fact also that the word Gentiles is usually always capitalized..... it's a hidden clue.