Wrong. That is the recent PC history. You might not want to believe everything you see on TV, nor much of what is spewed by American academia.
Starting with Mohamed, Jews were systematically murdered, until their population was minute and limited to a few who had hard to replace skill sets. The "great many" you cite was about 1%.
Were they treated better than in Europe? Not really, at most you could say that the worst treatments in Europe were worse than the average treatments by Muslims.
The huge difference is that you actually find the mistreatment of Jews in Europe in Western histories. Such episodes are not so recorded in common Eastern histories, where it it is not found to be convenient. There was no Golden Period of equality for Jews under Islam.
Only that they could live as inferiors in Muslim lands when they were not allowed to live at all in Christian lands.
While Jewish communities in Arab and Islamic countries fared better overall than those in Christian lands in Europe, Jews were no strangers to persecution and humiliation among the Arabs and Muslim. As Princeton University historian Bernard Lewis has written: "The Golden Age of equal rights was a myth, and belief in it was a result, more than a cause, of Jewish sympathy for Islam."
I've read several books by Lewis and Pipes on this subject, who are generally considered Islamaphobic by the PC people. My opinion is based on their scholarship, not on PC history.
56% of the immigrants to the new state of Israel were from Muslim lands.
Re: the Nazis. I don't consider the Nazis to have been Christians, and certainly most of their leaders were anti-Christian by any standard. But most of the German people were Christians throughout the Nazi rule, or thought they were.