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Why Virgil Goode matters to Mitt Romney's presidential chances
July 14, 2012 | techno

Posted on 07/13/2012 9:00:22 PM PDT by techno

The complete Virgil Goode rundown:

The ten most asked questions about Virgil Goode and why he matters:

1) Who is Virgil Goode?

He is a former GOP Congressman from Virginia who was defeated in the 2010 election. He is now the presidential nominee for the Constitution Party, a third party.

2) How long has the Constitution Party been around?

About 20 years.

3) I hear that Virgil Goode is NOT yet on the Virginia presidential ballot. Will he fail to get on the ballot.

To give you some perspective, in 2004 and 2008 the Constitution Party presidential nominee was on the Virginia presidential ballot. As Goode is a resident of Virginia and a former Congressman, do you really think he would not know the ins and outs of getting on the ballot, which requires him to get 10,000 signatures with at least 400 from each congressional district. As of June 6, 2012 via the Martinsville Bulletin, a local newspaper, Goode had already collected 4000 signatures. And the article concluded that the Constitution Party had as of that date already collected enough signatures to be on the ballot in 17 states.

4) Third party presidential candidates don't normally a cause a ripple through the process. What's different about Virgil Goode?

Let's put it this way, if the presidential election were decided by popular vote, Goode wouldn't matter. But presidential elections are decided in the electoral college.

5)What do you mean Techno?

There are certain states which are called battleground or swing states in which either the Democratic presidential nominee could win but by the same token the GOP presidential nominee could prevail as well. There are ten or so states in the 2012 electoral college which could be considered battleground states based on recent presidential elections and current polling. Virginia is one of those states. And it is not out of the ordinary for the winner of a battleground state to win by a margin of less than 2%.

6) So again why is Goode important to Romney's chances to become president?

Because Goode apparently is far more popular in Virginia than any other state. A Public Policy poll (PPP) in May found that Goode would garner 5% of the vote in Virginia in the presidential election against Obama and Romney. And now a couple of days ago, Goode increased his share of the vote to 9% with Obama collected 49% of the vote and Romney 35%. Without Goode in the mix it would be Obama 50% and Romney 42%. And for those not schooled in the electoral college, the winner of the popular vote in the presidential race in Virgina earns Virginia's 13 electoral votes in 2012. And that now appears to be Obama and not Romney.

7) Are you saying Techno that Goode is taking away way more voters away from Romney than he is Obama?

Exactly, that is what I am saying, But I am NOT the only one saying that. Local Virginia pundits are saying that as well. And PPP in its summary of the poll found that too. If you don't believe me, go over to the PPP web site and read it for yourself.

8)Techno, I'm lazy. I don't want to go over to PPP and read their s*it. Could you give me a brief synopsis?

Alright brother and sister. Under the Obama--Romney--Goode scenario in Virginia here is how the vote breaks down in four demographics: very conservative voters, somewhat conservative voters, Republicans and independents:

----------------------OBAMA--------ROMNEY-----GOODE

VERY CONSERVATIVE-------7-----------84----------7

SOMEWHAT CONSERVATIVE---19----------55----------14

REPUBLICANS-------------9-----------78----------9

INDEPENDENTS------------45----------26----------17

It doesn't take a genius to figure out Goode hurts Romney way more than he hurts Obama.

9) But don't third party bids eventually fizzle out?

Yes, that is the rule of thumb nationally. But in Virginia Goode ahs gained 4% in support since May and he's not even on the Virginia ballot yet. Even if he drops back to his previous level of support of 5% that would still be enough to sink Romney's ship in Virginia in a close contest.

10) Techno, could you explain why Virginia is so important?

It comes down to the number of electoral votes (EV) in the electoral college. The general consensus among the folks who do it for a living is that President Obama currently sits at 247 EV when you include all the safe blue states and those states leaning to Obama (likely to win). If Obama wins VA, a battleground state, that takes him to 260 EV and therefore only needs 10 more EV to hit the 270 EV threshold to win re-election. And here are the four swing states which Obama must win these 10 votes again based on a consensus of experts: Iowa (6), NH(4), Nevada (6) and Colorado (9). Obama is currently enjoying a small margin in the polls in every state but Iowa and is running neck and neck with Romney there.

Of course the dynamic of the race could shift in the next three months or so but it appears Obama has the edge in winning Colorado and its 9 EV. If he did that he would reach 269 EV and would only need to win one of the remaining three states to get a second term.

As for Mitt Romney if he loses Virginia, assuming he wins the other huge 4 swing states of Ohio, NC, Indiana and Florida and reaches 253 EV, Romney would be forced to win Colorado to have any chance of winning the presidency in the electoral college. The best he could hope for otherwise is a tie (269-269) in which case the contest goes to the House of Representatives.

One other element to consider: In 2008 President Obama won 1 EV in Nebraska who allots it EV by whoever wins the congressional district. Obama actually won this district (Omaha) by 9.77% which is a pretty hefty margin. If Obama could again win this district and on top of it win Virginia and Colorado that would take him to 270 EV on the button and Romney would be denied regardless of what he did in Iowa, NH and Nevada.

A final note: If Romney can win Virginia with Ohio, NC, Indiana and Florida he would then be at 266 EV. He would then not be forced to win Colorado but would only have to be victorious in Iowa to become the new president.

And that folks is why Team Obama has had many sleepless nights over the past 3 years. Virgil Goode is a godsend for Obama and his team.


TOPICS: Politics
KEYWORDS: goode; obama; palin; presidential; romney; virgilgoode
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To: EternalVigilance
Since the foundations of the Republic we've had a user fee based postal system. The only big change in that system, as a Constitutional process, was when they began demanding payment in advance, rather than on delivery. Too many deadbeats!

Social Security is modeled after the basic outlines of a user fee paid system ~ but what should outrage you is the failure of the system to apply the same fee to all users. It doesn't.

At the time it was felt that only the federal government could run an annuity system of the scale required to provide universal "coverage'. That's not a constitutional argument of course, but a practicality argument. Today numerous private entities, and all the states, run far larger systems than the nascent Social Security system ~ through the magic application of COMPUTERS.

The practicality argument upon which Social Security is based is simply no longer relevant!

The Constitutionality is another issue which could take weeks to cover, but if it is looked at strictly as a utility ~ like sewers, water, 'roads', navigation aids, gub'mnt owned port facilities, etc. ~ it can pass muster. However, we don't need it. Fidelity can and does handle more traffic than the Social Security Administration ~ and so does the state of New York, California, Texas, and probably Illinois!

Unlike private sector annuities, there's no inheritance option. When you die Social Security doesn't hand over any surplus unspent to your heirs ~ unless they are themselves disabled, or a widow, they are just out of luck!

The fact that unspent fees are not expended on the payee is a Constitutional failing. If USPS did that ~ cut off delivering your mail just because you dropped dead in the lobby, we'd all agree they were nuts, but this happens every day in Social Security and no one seems to care.

201 posted on 07/14/2012 2:52:58 PM PDT by muawiyah
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To: aruanan

The discussion included talk of declaring social security unconstitutional. I doubt that would be possible, and the Hamilton understanding of the general welfare is Founder era acceptance of a broader definition of “general”.

It’s broad.

And since the SSN tax is not levied on just a few, but on all, and it’s based on income, something the people are doing (producing income), then it would never be, in my opinion, declared unconstitutional.

I don’t know who your candidate is..Romney, Goode, Palin, whoever...but what do you think would happen to their chances if they announced that social security is unconstitutional and they intend to end it?

My sense is that at a minimum they could say only that its constitutionality is contested by some people.


202 posted on 07/14/2012 2:54:27 PM PDT by xzins (Retired Army Chaplain and Proud of It! Those who truly support our troops pray for their victory!)
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To: muawiyah

How do you intend to “toss this to the House”?

Nobody, alone, has that power, -— and there is no strategy any group of people could take to guarantee that outcome.


203 posted on 07/14/2012 2:56:58 PM PDT by Kansas58
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To: muawiyah

Interesting points.


204 posted on 07/14/2012 2:59:37 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: xzins
The discussion included talk of declaring social security unconstitutional. I doubt that would be possible, and the Hamilton understanding of the general welfare is Founder era acceptance of a broader definition of “general”.

An understanding completely refuted by Madison, and Jefferson, and Marshall, to name but a few.

It’s broad.

According to you, and the NEA, and the New Deal Democrats.

And since the SSN tax is not levied on just a few, but on all, and it’s based on income, something the people are doing (producing income), then it would never be, in my opinion, declared unconstitutional.

"Declared" by whom?

I don’t know who your candidate is..Romney, Goode, Palin, whoever...but what do you think would happen to their chances if they announced that social security is unconstitutional and they intend to end it?

Ah, now there's the rub, isn't it. In fact, it isn't constitutionality that is driving this constant move towards unlimited government, it's politics.

My sense is that at a minimum they could say only that its constitutionality is contested by some people.

That sort of namby-pamby, mealy-mouthed lack of leadership is how we got to where we are.

205 posted on 07/14/2012 3:07:30 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: muawiyah

Yes, there was a “Taliban” during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan.

That area of the world has always been tribal, it is very difficult to form lasting groups or bonds with all of the tribes, simultaneously.

However, there is absolutely no doubt that many who received U.S. Aid, against the Soviets, later turned against the United States.


206 posted on 07/14/2012 3:10:25 PM PDT by Kansas58
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To: muawiyah

Yes, there was a “Taliban” during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan.

That area of the world has always been tribal, it is very difficult to form lasting groups or bonds with all of the tribes, simultaneously.

However, there is absolutely no doubt that many who received U.S. Aid, against the Soviets, later turned against the United States.


207 posted on 07/14/2012 3:10:35 PM PDT by Kansas58
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To: Kansas58

I figure Goode is ultimately worth about 40% or more ~ Virginia being special and all.


208 posted on 07/14/2012 3:11:02 PM PDT by muawiyah
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To: xzins
"The origin of all civil government, justly established, must be a voluntary compact, between the rulers and the ruled; and must be liable to such limitations, as are necessary for the security of the absolute rights of the latter; for what original title can any man or set of men have, to govern others, except their own consent?

To usurp dominion over a people, in their own despite, or to grasp at a more extensive power than they are willing to entrust, is to violate that law of nature, which gives every man a right to his personal liberty; and can, therefore, confer no obligation to obedience. "

-- Alexander Hamilton


209 posted on 07/14/2012 3:14:47 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: muawiyah
your side will need to stop thinking of yourselves as Conservatives though ~ because you aren’t.

Try again, buddy-boy. There are numerous conservatives whom you and I would have gladly voted for who have since given their support to this romney idiot. Suddenly they aren't conservative either, just because they don't share your pretend pride? Sarah Palin flushes things more conservative than you are.

210 posted on 07/14/2012 3:16:02 PM PDT by Hegewisch Dupa
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To: EternalVigilance; Yashcheritsiy; P-Marlowe
refuted

Difference; not refutation.

Besides, it is illogical to cite the enumerated powers of Section 8, when the general welfare IS ALREADY one of the enumerated powers in Section 8.

According to you It is broad because of the definition of the word "general", a point that was not lost on Hamilton.

declared..by whom By you, apparently.

the rub It would be silly to declare something unconstitutional that has been declared constitutional and is a part of the fabric of the culture.

mealy-mouthed Speaking facts is mealy-mouthed?

Answer me this, EV: How much cash does your campaign for the presidency have on hand. Since this is a required reporting, I doubt you'd have any problem giving the amount.

211 posted on 07/14/2012 3:19:49 PM PDT by xzins (Retired Army Chaplain and Proud of It! Those who truly support our troops pray for their victory!)
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To: gorush

“Our culture has degraded to the point where there is NO chance of saving the America that you refer to.”

I’m sorry you’ve given up hope for America. For those of us who haven’t, we will try to get Romney elected and then attempt to keep his feet to the fire. Impossible? Maybe,... but at least we can say we tried.


212 posted on 07/14/2012 3:38:36 PM PDT by Ronald_Magnus
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To: xzins
Answer me this, EV: How much cash does your campaign for the presidency have on hand. Since this is a required reporting, I doubt you'd have any problem giving the amount.

No problem.

I don't want your money

213 posted on 07/14/2012 3:50:05 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: xzins
"Some, who have not denied the necessity of the power of taxation, have grounded a very fierce attack against the Constitution, on the language in which it is defined. It has been urged and echoed, that the power "to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States," amounts to an unlimited commission to exercise every power which may be alleged to be necessary for the common defense or general welfare. No stronger proof could be given of the distress under which these writers labor for objections, than their stooping to such a misconstruction.

Had no other enumeration or definition of the powers of the Congress been found in the Constitution, than the general expressions just cited, the authors of the objection might have had some color for it; though it would have been difficult to find a reason for so awkward a form of describing an authority to legislate in all possible cases. A power to destroy the freedom of the press, the trial by jury, or even to regulate the course of descents, or the forms of conveyances, must be very singularly expressed by the terms "to raise money for the general welfare."

But what color can the objection have, when a specification of the objects alluded to by these general terms immediately follows, and is not even separated by a longer pause than a semicolon? If the different parts of the same instrument ought to be so expounded, as to give meaning to every part which will bear it, shall one part of the same sentence be excluded altogether from a share in the meaning; and shall the more doubtful and indefinite terms be retained in their full extent, and the clear and precise expressions be denied any signification whatsoever? For what purpose could the enumeration of particular powers be inserted, if these and all others were meant to be included in the preceding general power? Nothing is more natural nor common than first to use a general phrase, and then to explain and qualify it by a recital of particulars. But the idea of an enumeration of particulars which neither explain nor qualify the general meaning, and can have no other effect than to confound and mislead, is an absurdity, which, as we are reduced to the dilemma of charging either on the authors of the objection or on the authors of the Constitution, we must take the liberty of supposing, had not its origin with the latter."

-- James Madison, Federalist #41


Can you give me a link to Hamilton's thorough refutation of Madison's words in #41?

Can you also provide some evidence that the view you attribute to Hamilton, through the deployment of one obscure quote, was shared by any of the other framers of our Constitution?

214 posted on 07/14/2012 3:57:21 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: Yashcheritsiy; xzins
The Federalist No. 41
General View of the Powers Conferred by The Constitution

Independent Journal
Saturday, January 19, 1788
[James Madison]

To the People of the State of New York:

THE Constitution proposed by the convention may be considered under two general points of view. The FIRST relates to the sum or quantity of power which it vests in the government, including the restraints imposed on the States. The SECOND, to the particular structure of the government, and the distribution of this power among its several branches.

Under the first view of the subject, two important questions arise: 1. Whether any part of the powers transferred to the general government be unnecessary or improper? 2. Whether the entire mass of them be dangerous to the portion of jurisdiction left in the several States?

Is the aggregate power of the general government greater than ought to have been vested in it? This is the first question.

It cannot have escaped those who have attended with candor to the arguments employed against the extensive powers of the government, that the authors of them have very little considered how far these powers were necessary means of attaining a necessary end. They have chosen rather to dwell on the inconveniences which must be unavoidably blended with all political advantages; and on the possible abuses which must be incident to every power or trust, of which a beneficial use can be made. This method of handling the subject cannot impose on the good sense of the people of America. It may display the subtlety of the writer; it may open a boundless field for rhetoric and declamation; it may inflame the passions of the unthinking, and may confirm the prejudices of the misthinking: but cool and candid people will at once reflect, that the purest of human blessings must have a portion of alloy in them; that the choice must always be made, if not of the lesser evil, at least of the GREATER, not the PERFECT, good; and that in every political institution, a power to advance the public happiness involves a discretion which may be misapplied and abused. They will see, therefore, that in all cases where power is to be conferred, the point first to be decided is, whether such a power be necessary to the public good; as the next will be, in case of an affirmative decision, to guard as effectually as possible against a perversion of the power to the public detriment.

That we may form a correct judgment on this subject, it will be proper to review the several powers conferred on the government of the Union; and that this may be the more conveniently done they may be reduced into different classes as they relate to the following different objects: 1. Security against foreign danger; 2. Regulation of the intercourse with foreign nations; 3. Maintenance of harmony and proper intercourse among the States; 4. Certain miscellaneous objects of general utility; 5. Restraint of the States from certain injurious acts; 6. Provisions for giving due efficacy to all these powers.

The powers falling within the first class are those of declaring war and granting letters of marque; of providing armies and fleets; of regulating and calling forth the militia; of levying and borrowing money.

Security against foreign danger is one of the primitive objects of civil society. It is an avowed and essential object of the American Union. The powers requisite for attaining it must be effectually confided to the federal councils.

Is the power of declaring war necessary? No man will answer this question in the negative. It would be superfluous, therefore, to enter into a proof of the affirmative. The existing Confederation establishes this power in the most ample form.

Is the power of raising armies and equipping fleets necessary? This is involved in the foregoing power. It is involved in the power of self-defense.

But was it necessary to give an INDEFINITE POWER of raising TROOPS, as well as providing fleets; and of maintaining both in PEACE, as well as in WAR?

The answer to these questions has been too far anticipated in another place to admit an extensive discussion of them in this place. The answer indeed seems to be so obvious and conclusive as scarcely to justify such a discussion in any place. With what color of propriety could the force necessary for defense be limited by those who cannot limit the force of offense? If a federal Constitution could chain the ambition or set bounds to the exertions of all other nations, then indeed might it prudently chain the discretion of its own government, and set bounds to the exertions for its own safety.

How could a readiness for war in time of peace be safely prohibited, unless we could prohibit, in like manner, the preparations and establishments of every hostile nation? The means of security can only be regulated by the means and the danger of attack. They will, in fact, be ever determined by these rules, and by no others. It is in vain to oppose constitutional barriers to the impulse of self-preservation. It is worse than in vain; because it plants in the Constitution itself necessary usurpations of power, every precedent of which is a germ of unnecessary and multiplied repetitions. If one nation maintains constantly a disciplined army, ready for the service of ambition or revenge, it obliges the most pacific nations who may be within the reach of its enterprises to take corresponding precautions. The fifteenth century was the unhappy epoch of military establishments in the time of peace. They were introduced by Charles VII. of France. All Europe has followed, or been forced into, the example. Had the example not been followed by other nations, all Europe must long ago have worn the chains of a universal monarch. Were every nation except France now to disband its peace establishments, the same event might follow. The veteran legions of Rome were an overmatch for the undisciplined valor of all other nations and rendered her the mistress of the world.

Not the less true is it, that the liberties of Rome proved the final victim to her military triumphs; and that the liberties of Europe, as far as they ever existed, have, with few exceptions, been the price of her military establishments. A standing force, therefore, is a dangerous, at the same time that it may be a necessary, provision. On the smallest scale it has its inconveniences. On an extensive scale its consequences may be fatal. On any scale it is an object of laudable circumspection and precaution. A wise nation will combine all these considerations; and, whilst it does not rashly preclude itself from any resource which may become essential to its safety, will exert all its prudence in diminishing both the necessity and the danger of resorting to one which may be inauspicious to its liberties.

The clearest marks of this prudence are stamped on the proposed Constitution. The Union itself, which it cements and secures, destroys every pretext for a military establishment which could be dangerous. America united, with a handful of troops, or without a single soldier, exhibits a more forbidding posture to foreign ambition than America disunited, with a hundred thousand veterans ready for combat. It was remarked, on a former occasion, that the want of this pretext had saved the liberties of one nation in Europe. Being rendered by her insular situation and her maritime resources impregnable to the armies of her neighbors, the rulers of Great Britain have never been able, by real or artificial dangers, to cheat the public into an extensive peace establishment. The distance of the United States from the powerful nations of the world gives them the same happy security. A dangerous establishment can never be necessary or plausible, so long as they continue a united people. But let it never, for a moment, be forgotten that they are indebted for this advantage to the Union alone. The moment of its dissolution will be the date of a new order of things. The fears of the weaker, or the ambition of the stronger States, or Confederacies, will set the same example in the New, as Charles VII. did in the Old World. The example will be followed here from the same motives which produced universal imitation there. Instead of deriving from our situation the precious advantage which Great Britain has derived from hers, the face of America will be but a copy of that of the continent of Europe. It will present liberty everywhere crushed between standing armies and perpetual taxes. The fortunes of disunited America will be even more disastrous than those of Europe. The sources of evil in the latter are confined to her own limits. No superior powers of another quarter of the globe intrigue among her rival nations, inflame their mutual animosities, and render them the instruments of foreign ambition, jealousy, and revenge. In America the miseries springing from her internal jealousies, contentions, and wars, would form a part only of her lot. A plentiful addition of evils would have their source in that relation in which Europe stands to this quarter of the earth, and which no other quarter of the earth bears to Europe.

This picture of the consequences of disunion cannot be too highly colored, or too often exhibited. Every man who loves peace, every man who loves his country, every man who loves liberty, ought to have it ever before his eyes, that he may cherish in his heart a due attachment to the Union of America, and be able to set a due value on the means of preserving it.

Next to the effectual establishment of the Union, the best possible precaution against danger from standing armies is a limitation of the term for which revenue may be appropriated to their support. This precaution the Constitution has prudently added. I will not repeat here the observations which I flatter myself have placed this subject in a just and satisfactory light. But it may not be improper to take notice of an argument against this part of the Constitution, which has been drawn from the policy and practice of Great Britain. It is said that the continuance of an army in that kingdom requires an annual vote of the legislature; whereas the American Constitution has lengthened this critical period to two years. This is the form in which the comparison is usually stated to the public: but is it a just form? Is it a fair comparison? Does the British Constitution restrain the parliamentary discretion to one year? Does the American impose on the Congress appropriations for two years? On the contrary, it cannot be unknown to the authors of the fallacy themselves, that the British Constitution fixes no limit whatever to the discretion of the legislature, and that the American ties down the legislature to two years, as the longest admissible term.

Had the argument from the British example been truly stated, it would have stood thus: The term for which supplies may be appropriated to the army establishment, though unlimited by the British Constitution, has nevertheless, in practice, been limited by parliamentary discretion to a single year. Now, if in Great Britain, where the House of Commons is elected for seven years; where so great a proportion of the members are elected by so small a proportion of the people; where the electors are so corrupted by the representatives, and the representatives so corrupted by the Crown, the representative body can possess a power to make appropriations to the army for an indefinite term, without desiring, or without daring, to extend the term beyond a single year, ought not suspicion herself to blush, in pretending that the representatives of the United States, elected FREELY by the WHOLE BODY of the people, every SECOND YEAR, cannot be safely intrusted with the discretion over such appropriations, expressly limited to the short period of TWO YEARS?

A bad cause seldom fails to betray itself. Of this truth, the management of the opposition to the federal government is an unvaried exemplification. But among all the blunders which have been committed, none is more striking than the attempt to enlist on that side the prudent jealousy entertained by the people, of standing armies. The attempt has awakened fully the public attention to that important subject; and has led to investigations which must terminate in a thorough and universal conviction, not only that the constitution has provided the most effectual guards against danger from that quarter, but that nothing short of a Constitution fully adequate to the national defense and the preservation of the Union, can save America from as many standing armies as it may be split into States or Confederacies, and from such a progressive augmentation, of these establishments in each, as will render them as burdensome to the properties and ominous to the liberties of the people, as any establishment that can become necessary, under a united and efficient government, must be tolerable to the former and safe to the latter.

The palpable necessity of the power to provide and maintain a navy has protected that part of the Constitution against a spirit of censure, which has spared few other parts. It must, indeed, be numbered among the greatest blessings of America, that as her Union will be the only source of her maritime strength, so this will be a principal source of her security against danger from abroad. In this respect our situation bears another likeness to the insular advantage of Great Britain. The batteries most capable of repelling foreign enterprises on our safety, are happily such as can never be turned by a perfidious government against our liberties.

The inhabitants of the Atlantic frontier are all of them deeply interested in this provision for naval protection, and if they have hitherto been suffered to sleep quietly in their beds; if their property has remained safe against the predatory spirit of licentious adventurers; if their maritime towns have not yet been compelled to ransom themselves from the terrors of a conflagration, by yielding to the exactions of daring and sudden invaders, these instances of good fortune are not to be ascribed to the capacity of the existing government for the protection of those from whom it claims allegiance, but to causes that are fugitive and fallacious. If we except perhaps Virginia and Maryland, which are peculiarly vulnerable on their eastern frontiers, no part of the Union ought to feel more anxiety on this subject than New York. Her seacoast is extensive. A very important district of the State is an island. The State itself is penetrated by a large navigable river for more than fifty leagues. The great emporium of its commerce, the great reservoir of its wealth, lies every moment at the mercy of events, and may almost be regarded as a hostage for ignominious compliances with the dictates of a foreign enemy, or even with the rapacious demands of pirates and barbarians. Should a war be the result of the precarious situation of European affairs, and all the unruly passions attending it be let loose on the ocean, our escape from insults and depredations, not only on that element, but every part of the other bordering on it, will be truly miraculous. In the present condition of America, the States more immediately exposed to these calamities have nothing to hope from the phantom of a general government which now exists; and if their single resources were equal to the task of fortifying themselves against the danger, the object to be protected would be almost consumed by the means of protecting them. The power of regulating and calling forth the militia has been already sufficiently vindicated and explained.

The power of levying and borrowing money, being the sinew of that which is to be exerted in the national defense, is properly thrown into the same class with it. This power, also, has been examined already with much attention, and has, I trust, been clearly shown to be necessary, both in the extent and form given to it by the Constitution. I will address one additional reflection only to those who contend that the power ought to have been restrained to external -- taxation by which they mean, taxes on articles imported from other countries. It cannot be doubted that this will always be a valuable source of revenue; that for a considerable time it must be a principal source; that at this moment it is an essential one. But we may form very mistaken ideas on this subject, if we do not call to mind in our calculations, that the extent of revenue drawn from foreign commerce must vary with the variations, both in the extent and the kind of imports; and that these variations do not correspond with the progress of population, which must be the general measure of the public wants. As long as agriculture continues the sole field of labor, the importation of manufactures must increase as the consumers multiply. As soon as domestic manufactures are begun by the hands not called for by agriculture, the imported manufactures will decrease as the numbers of people increase. In a more remote stage, the imports may consist in a considerable part of raw materials, which will be wrought into articles for exportation, and will, therefore, require rather the encouragement of bounties, than to be loaded with discouraging duties. A system of government, meant for duration, ought to contemplate these revolutions, and be able to accommodate itself to them.

Some, who have not denied the necessity of the power of taxation, have grounded a very fierce attack against the Constitution, on the language in which it is defined. It has been urged and echoed, that the power "to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States," amounts to an unlimited commission to exercise every power which may be alleged to be necessary for the common defense or general welfare. No stronger proof could be given of the distress under which these writers labor for objections, than their stooping to such a misconstruction.

Had no other enumeration or definition of the powers of the Congress been found in the Constitution, than the general expressions just cited, the authors of the objection might have had some color for it; though it would have been difficult to find a reason for so awkward a form of describing an authority to legislate in all possible cases. A power to destroy the freedom of the press, the trial by jury, or even to regulate the course of descents, or the forms of conveyances, must be very singularly expressed by the terms "to raise money for the general welfare."

But what color can the objection have, when a specification of the objects alluded to by these general terms immediately follows, and is not even separated by a longer pause than a semicolon? If the different parts of the same instrument ought to be so expounded, as to give meaning to every part which will bear it, shall one part of the same sentence be excluded altogether from a share in the meaning; and shall the more doubtful and indefinite terms be retained in their full extent, and the clear and precise expressions be denied any signification whatsoever? For what purpose could the enumeration of particular powers be inserted, if these and all others were meant to be included in the preceding general power? Nothing is more natural nor common than first to use a general phrase, and then to explain and qualify it by a recital of particulars. But the idea of an enumeration of particulars which neither explain nor qualify the general meaning, and can have no other effect than to confound and mislead, is an absurdity, which, as we are reduced to the dilemma of charging either on the authors of the objection or on the authors of the Constitution, we must take the liberty of supposing, had not its origin with the latter.

The objection here is the more extraordinary, as it appears that the language used by the convention is a copy from the articles of Confederation. The objects of the Union among the States, as described in article third, are "their common defense, security of their liberties, and mutual and general welfare." The terms of article eighth are still more identical: "All charges of war and all other expenses that shall be incurred for the common defense or general welfare, and allowed by the United States in Congress, shall be defrayed out of a common treasury," etc. A similar language again occurs in article ninth. Construe either of these articles by the rules which would justify the construction put on the new Constitution, and they vest in the existing Congress a power to legislate in all cases whatsoever. But what would have been thought of that assembly, if, attaching themselves to these general expressions, and disregarding the specifications which ascertain and limit their import, they had exercised an unlimited power of providing for the common defense and general welfare? I appeal to the objectors themselves, whether they would in that case have employed the same reasoning in justification of Congress as they now make use of against the convention. How difficult it is for error to escape its own condemnation!

PUBLIUS

215 posted on 07/14/2012 4:21:55 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: EternalVigilance

Does that mean that your campaign has little to no cash for campaigning?


216 posted on 07/14/2012 4:35:07 PM PDT by xzins (Retired Army Chaplain and Proud of It! Those who truly support our troops pray for their victory!)
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To: xzins

It means exactly what it says.

Did you read it?


217 posted on 07/14/2012 4:56:30 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: xzins
"I don't want your money. I want you to do your duty as a citizen." -- Tom Hoefling
This campaign does NOT accept financial contributions. I know this is hard to believe, but it's true.

For too long now, we've had government of the elites, by the media, and for the money, instead of government of the people, by the people, for the people. This cannot continue, if we are to remain a free, self-governing people.

All of our work at the national level is being done on a strictly volunteer basis. And yet, we intend to win. How? By fostering a million or more Front Porch Campaigns to Save America, using the free or extremely inexpensive methods for effective grassroots politics that we have been developing.

Use your own money where 100% of those resources have the maximum impact, with no waste, instead of giving it to fundraisers, political consultants, ad agencies, media gurus, pollsters and media conglomerates. Focus whatever resources you might have donated to this effort to win back your own neighborhood, your own precinct, your own community, and your own state.

We intend to change America's political culture, by example. But we can only do that with your commitment, and your help.

Get on board. We need you to help us take back our country and secure the Blessings of Liberty to our Posterity.

Thank you!

For Life, Liberty, and the Constitution,

Tom Hoefling

Support Tom

President William McKinley, who won the presidency from his own front porch.

Picture
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218 posted on 07/14/2012 5:11:40 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: xzins
Our Founders won our independence using hand-written letters, delivered via horseback.

A number of U.S. Presidents won election without expending any money or ever stepping foot off their front porch. In fact, that was once the normal thing to do.

If they could do that, why can't we, especially in consideration of the fact that we have computers, and the internet, and cell phones, and free email, and free websites, and free social media, and free web radio, and free web video, and free conferencing calling, etc.?

Our problem is not an inability to get our message out. Our problem is that millions of folks who should be helping us are still too busy chasing Republican false flags, buying into the corrupt politics that is solely owned and operated by the money and media interests.

219 posted on 07/14/2012 5:19:03 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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To: xzins

220 posted on 07/14/2012 5:23:05 PM PDT by EternalVigilance (If you've surrendered your principles out of fear of Obama, Obama has already won. TomHoefling.com)
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