“Have these overpayments to retirement funds been one reason postage rates have been increased?”
Yes. And good point. Instead of thinking that they lost $7 billion last year, the USPS would be $68 billion to the good and not need to raise postage. Heck, they could be cutting postage!
I assure you the money is better off in the pockets of the postal retirees than any customer, or certainly Congress.