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S. Sider Had 1st-Row View Of Real Story
Chicago Sun-Times - Sunday, November 8, 1992
Author: Lee Bey
Former Chicago schoolteacher Christine Johnson won’t go see the new Malcolm X movie premiering this month.
She doesn’t need to, she says: She was a friend of Malcolm X and had a front row seat to the last five years of his life.
“Yes, I knew him,” said Johnson, 83, a South Side resident. “Whenever Malcolm came to town, he would call me. I don’t know what Spike Lee has in his (movie) but everybody these days are saying `I knew Malcolm ,’ but they didn’t.”
Johnson, who changed her name to Catherine X during her stint with the Nation of Islam, met Malcolm X in New York in 1960 . He let Johnson set up black history exhibits at Nation of Islam events.
And when the organization needed a principal for its University of Islam, then located at 54th and Greenwood, Malcolm X selected Johnson.
They talked often by telephone between 1960 and Malcolm ‘s death in February, 1965, she said.
(snip)
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BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY VOTING RIGHTS ACT, WORDS OF MALCOLM X ARE LEGACIES OF ‘60S 25 YEARS AFTER SLAYING, ACTIVIST IS HEARD ANEW
Detroit Free Press (MI) - Sunday, February 18, 1990
Author: CONSTANCE C. PRATER Free Press Staff Writer
EXCERPT
Said Dr. Ali Mazrui, a former University of Michigan political science professor, “Some things are changing, but many of the evils are still there.” Mazrui, author and moderator of “The Africans,” the 1986 Public Broadcasting Service TV series, teaches at the State University of New York in Binghamton.
Mazrui said he met Malcolm X in 1960 , when the professor was a graduate student at Columbia University in New York.
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Malcolm X ‘s Controversial Legacy ... Movie Sparks Eagerness, Anxiety
St. Louis Post-Dispatch - Sunday, November 15, 1992
Author: Lori Teresa Yearwood ; Of the Post-Dispatch Staff
EXCERPT
Alice Windom, coordinator for the Bush Center for Law, Policy and Social Change at the University of Missouri-St. Louis, was among the activists who endorsed the letter of concern sent to Lee. She first met Malcolm X when she heard him speak at a Muslim mosque in Chicago in 1960 .
The way he spoke forced her to think about the reality of her life at age 24 - about how white landlords slammed doors in her face when she went apartment hunting because they ‘’didn’t rent to coloreds,’’ and about how she couldn’t try on hats in certain department stores because that was a privilege for whites alone.
‘’I just sat there and thought how proud I was that Malcolm was standing there and telling the truth, not sucking up to white people at all,’’ Windom said.
Two years later, Windom was so weary of life in America that she said she was ‘’just waiting for some white person to step on my foot so I could knock their head off.’’ She moved to Africa.
She crossed paths with Malcolm X again when he traveled to Ghana, in western Africa, to garner support in his effort to charge America with ‘’violating the human rights’’ of blacks.
Windom was working for the United Nations and helped him establish ties with officials in Ghana. The two became close friends.
‘’He was easy to talk to because he didn’t put on airs at all,’’ said Windom, now 56. ‘’It showed in the way he carried himself - not at all majestically - but rather in a lanky, imperfect way. He was 6 feet 4 inches, you know, but he wasn’t intimidating. He looked you in the eye and listened to what you said.’’
At night, Malcolm X often would gather Windom and other U.N. employees to talk about the condition of blacks in the United States. The civil rights leader had been separated from the Nation of Islam and was working to establish his own activist organizations, the Muslim Mosques Inc. and the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
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SHABAZZ ACCUSED IN MURDER PLOT// MALCOLM X ‘S DAUGHTER HIRED HIT MAN TO KILL FARRAKHAN, U.S. SAYS
St. Paul Pioneer Press (MN) - Friday, January 13, 1995
Author: BYLINE: Mike Sweeney, Staff Writer
One of the late Malcolm X ‘s daughters was released in her own recognizance Thursday in Minneapolis after she was indicted in an alleged plot to kill Louis Farrakhan, the controversial leader of the black separatist Nation of Islam.
(snip)
Shabazz, 34, didn’t speak in her appearance before Lebedoff except to acknowledge she had seen the charges against her and to state her birth date - Dec. 25, 1960 .
(snip)
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MALCOLM X
Chicago Sun-Times - Sunday, November 8, 1992
Author: Lee Bey
May 19, 1925: Malcolm Little is born in Omaha, Neb., to Louise Little, a native of Grenada, and the Rev. Earl Little, a Georgia native.
1929: The Little home is burned down, apparently by racists. The family moves to East Lansing, Mich.
1931: Earl Little is murdered, presumably by a gang of whites.
1936: Louise Little is committed to a mental institution.
1940: Malcolm moves to Boston to live with an older half-sister.
1941: He moves to New York and works at Small’s Paradise Bar, where he meets a young Redd Foxx and becomes known as “Detroit Red.”
1943: Malcolm , immersed in the Harlem street scene, gets addicted to drugs and gambling and becomes a gun-toting hustler.
1946: He is sentenced to 10 years in prison for burglary.
1947: He learns about Elijah Muhammad and the Nation of Islam while behind bars and sees a vision of the movement’s founder, Wallace D. Fard.
1952: Malcolm is paroled from prison, goes to Detroit to work in a furniture store and becomes active in the Nation of Islam, traveling to Chicago to visit Muhammad. Malcolm changes last name to “ X .”
1953: Malcolm X is named assistant minister of the nation’s Detroit Temple No. One.
1954: He starts temples in Philadelphia and Boston and then is sent to New York City.
1958: Malcolm X marries Betty X . Their first child, Attilah, is born.
1959: Nation of Islam becomes nationally known when a documentary, “The Hate That Hate Produced,” is aired.
1961: Malcolm X becomes spokesman for Elijah Muhammad.
1960 : Second daughter, Qubilah, is born.
1962: Third daughter, Ilyasah, is born.
1963: President John F. Kennedy is assassinated. Malcolm X tells reporters the killing was a case of the “chickens coming home to roost” and is silenced by Muhammad. Malcolm later explained he meant that the country’s hate had killed the president. After Malcolm X is isolated, he begins his own mosque in New York.
1964: Daughter Amilah is born. Malcolm makes a pilgrimage to Mecca, the Middle East and Africa, and learns that Africans and Muslims overseas are concerned about the civil rights quest in America. He changes his name to El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz and modifies his views of white America.
(snip)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elijah_Muhammad
Elijah Muhammad (born Elijah Poole, October 7, 1897 - February 25, 1975), leader of the Nation of Islam from 1934 until his death in 1975, is buried at Mount Glenwood Cemetery in Thornton, Illinois.
EXCERPT
Following his return to Chicago, Muhammad found himself firmly in charge of the NOI. The organization had held its membership steadily during his years of imprisonment, and began to grow once he returned. From four temples in 1946, the NOI grew to 15 by 1955 and by 1959 there were 50 temples in 22 states.[19] One of Muhammad’s top lieutenants during this period, generally credited with growing and expanding the NOI, was Malcolm X. Converted while in prison, Malcolm X became involved in the organization in 1952 and moved across the country opening and organizing temples. During this time, NOI also began expanding economically, as well.
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http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2008/02/01/rezko/
(Jabir Herbert Muhammad — son of Nation of Islam founder Elijah Muhammad)
Rezko began his career as a civil engineer, but he was soon investing in real estate and fast-food restaurants on the side. Many of his business ventures were in downscale black neighborhoods. He built houses on the historically black South Side, and started chains of Subway sandwich shops and Papa John’s pizzerias. Those deals provided him the money to connect with his first powerful patron: Muhammad Ali. In 1983, at the urging of Ali’s business manager, Jabir Herbert Muhammad, Rezko held a fundraiser for mayoral candidate Harold Washington, who would become Chicago’s first black mayor. After that, he was invited to join Ali’s entourage as a business consultant. Rezko put together endorsement deals for the Greatest, and was executive director of the Muhammad Ali Foundation, a group devoted to spreading Islam.
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http://carnageandculture.blogspot.com/2008/09/obamas-kind-of-town-chicago-is.html
Jabir’s funeral was quite a success. Both current Nation of Islam boss Louis Farrakhan and The Champ, Muhammad Ali, were in attendance.
Malcolm had converted the young Cassius Clay to Elijah’s race-baiting Islamic heresy in the early 1960s. In 1964, however, Elijah excommunicated the dangerously charismatic Malcolm and installed his own son, Jabir, as Ali’s business manager. The energetic Rezko, who had arrived in Chicago from Syria in 1974, went to work for Jabir in the 1983 and was soon managing the ex-champ’s business affairs.