as well as European
from way back, even before New World applications
course the Cotton Gin, invented by a Yankee of all folks did make it more of a southern institution
frankly, modern blacks have more reason to decry Jim Crow than slavery
long term slavery was a boon to the descendants.
average black in the US today even those on the dole is far better off than their counterpart in West Africa.
at least from what I've seen in 50 years of observing black culture in the South, Urban North, Caribbean, Latin America and West Africa
for that matter, womyn....who bitch almost as much have never had it so good as here either.