Sure it would. Hatred and animosity towards free blacks were pervasive in the South prior to the Civil War. Regardless of how it ended or when it ended that hatred and animosity would have continued. Restrictions likely would have been worse than Jim Crow, not better.
And before you get up on a hypocritical high horse, yeah, I know that conditions towards blacks weren't a whole lot better in the North either prior to or after the war. I'm not excusing it and I'm also not pretending that ending slavery in any way other than how it did end would have changed anything. People in the north were racists, by any definition of the term. People in the south, however, were no better or even worse.
Glad we agree.