I have several books of eyewitnesses on Vicksburg.
the radius of the explosive was fairly tight
a civilian would be walking down a street and boom...a direct hit and they were in a million pieces
hard to imagine that sort of thing in that era
some accounts of children playing outside the caves between rat meals and taking hits.....very sad.
course since their families probably owned slaves they had it coming /s
No, it was the fact that Pemberton chose to hole his army up in a city with a civilian population that caused it. Had Pemberton not done that there would have been no seige.