Well, I don't know about that. True, they don't go to church, or show any outward religious trappings.
But if you look at what Rowling's protagonists stand for, it's pretty clear that they're portrayed as doing Christianity, whereas modern Christians all too often do not.
When you think of what it takes to conjure a patronus, it’s almost like Rowling’s referring to the power of prayer. The patronus will only appear when one replaces fear with pure joy.
Yes and no. As others have noted in this thread, there's a strong element of, "The end justifies the means," in many plot situations. The "Unforgivable Curses," for example, become, not "forgivable," but not even worthy of mention, when performed by a "good" character.
It's true that it's a desperate struggle for survival, where moral confusion is more likely than not. I'd hesitate, however, to describe any character overall as "doing Christianity."
Personally, I would call that the basest form of integrity: doing what is necessary to achieve yout goal, regardless of personal cost.
Harry was willing to go to Azkaban, and as he showed, willing to die, to achieve his goal, regardless of personal cost. And, when he did use the unforgiviable curses, he was, if you could do such, gentle with them, until he came across The Carrows insulting Prof. Minerva. Then, he did what was needed to stop them against her.