I imagine he was quoted now and then. And studied in German schools
Whatever Hitler's personal views, he knew how to present a winning platform to the German people. Anti-semitism was part of it, and Luther is the patron saint of anti-semites. (Not that it was unheard of in Catholic Bavaria and Austria; think of Adolf H. as ecumenical). Luther may have used "Jew" as a code word for "Catholic", but I wonder how many people quoting him knew that. (I certainly never heard it before) And sometimes "Jew" meant "Jew".
He was not alone in this usage.
You have to examine the context of each usage and not just take what seems to be an anti-semitic statement and make what you believe to be profound commentaries on it.
Else you find yourself in the old "don't say nothin' 'bout the brother" syndrome.