No it doesn't. Some populations are growing. Others are diminishing. Every species population is in a struggle for limited resources (mostly food supplies) with the other species in their environment. That is why natural selection occurs. To take modern human population growth, which has resulted from a technological explosion over the last few hundred years, and extrapolate it backwards to the time before that technology, is simply a nonsense. Human hunter-gatherer societies that existed prior to agriculture (invented a few-thousand years ago) were very low-density and there was no particular reason for the population to grow.
Past technology isn't necessarily indicative of backwardness as relates to food production much less anything else. There is a field of archeology referred to as 'forbidden' because technologies uncovered as belonging to the distant past paint a picture incompatible with what the current regime in science wishes to be promulgated as true. Progress technologically seems to parallel laxness of morality within any given civilization. Advanced civilizations can without a doubt be the cause of their own demise. And forbidden archeology seems to paint that very picture.